{"id":1593,"date":"2026-07-20T14:42:23","date_gmt":"2026-07-20T06:42:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/?page_id=1593"},"modified":"2026-07-20T14:42:23","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T06:42:23","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e7%bb%84%e7%bb%87%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e5%bf%83%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e3%80%8b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0-058","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/?page_id=1593","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 058"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>\u63a5\u4e0a\u671f\uff1a<\/em><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI5MjIxMzQxMA==&amp;mid=2247493455&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=7a0170ed066decbc9972829bc5557baa&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 057<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1aLeaving aside now the 12 categories and looking at the phenomenon of interest itself, any person who inquires into organizations and tries to make assertions about them would be naive to neglect the assumption ground of the audience. Suggestions made concerning the nature of organizations need not intentionally strive to deny whatever assumptions are found or consolidated, but potential reactions of observers should be understandable in terms of arguments developed here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u6682\u4e14\u653e\u4e0b\u8fd912\u4e2a\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u5ba1\u89c6\u201c\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u201d\u73b0\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u63a2\u7a76\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u5bf9\u5176\u53d1\u8868\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u53d7\u4f17\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u90a3\u5c06\u662f\u6781\u5176\u5929\u771f\u7684\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u523b\u610f\u53bb\u5426\u5b9a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u6216\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4f46\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u6240\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccc \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u6b64\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u523b\u610f\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u6709\u8da3\u201d\uff0c\u53d7\u4f17\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u5e95\u8272\u90fd\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65ad\u8a00\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed5\u5f00\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u573a\u3002<br>1. \u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u9898\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u201c\u8bf4\u8005\u201d\u548c\u201c\u542c\u8005\u201d\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u201c\u771f\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u53d7\u4f17\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u4e70\u8d26\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u592a\u5929\u771f\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u53d7\u4f17\u672c\u6765\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u771f\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u201c\u4e4f\u5473\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8352\u8c2c\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0d\u5f3a\u6c42\u201c\u8bed\u4e0d\u60ca\u4eba\u6b7b\u4e0d\u4f11\u201d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e3a\u4e86\u6709\u8da3\u800c\u6545\u610f\u53bb\u5426\u5b9a\u4e00\u5207\uff08\u90a3\u53eb\u6807\u65b0\u7acb\u5f02\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u51b3\u5b9a\u652f\u6301\u53d7\u4f17\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff08\u5f97\u51fa\u201c\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u6e05\u695a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u5f88\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63a2\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u53d7\u4f17\u5047\u8bbe\u201d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u53e3\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u95ee\u81ea\u5df1\uff1a\u6211\u7684\u53d7\u4f17\u5173\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e95\u5c42\u5047\u8bbe\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u89c2\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u5224\u4e0d\u540c\u53d7\u4f17\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u804c\u80fd\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u4e00\u7ebf\u5458\u5de5\u3001\u9ad8\u7ba1\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u9a8c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u51fa\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u53d7\u4f17\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u3002<br>3. \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u63a8\u52a8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5730\u6311\u6218\u90a3\u4e9b\u963b\u788d\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5efa\u7acb\u4fe1\u4efb\uff1a\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u4e2a\u201c\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u6765\u5370\u8bc1\u53d7\u4f17\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u8fdb\u5165\u5176\u8ba4\u77e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u5165\u573a\u5238\u201d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u7ec7\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u4f60\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1aIntentional cultivation of interest is not quite as ludicrous as it might appear. If any theory is true somewhere, sometime for someone, then you as an inquirer might as well work with theories that interest you as theories that don&#8217;t, since whatever you find interesting should be found interesting by someone else and be relevant to still other people. Pursuit of an interesting inaccurate theory can also be justified because the offshoots of the thinking, the things observed in the process of speculating, may themselves be more accurate. Interest is a good point of departure and can lead to relevant material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u57f9\u517b\u201c\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u50cf\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u90a3\u4e48\u8352\u5510\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u63a2\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0e\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e4f\u5473\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u7814\u7a76\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4f60\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u51e1\u662f\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u8da3\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6709\u8da3\u4f46\u4e0d\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u201d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u601d\u8003\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u2014\u2014\u5373\u5728\u63a8\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u2014\u2014\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u5174\u8da3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u597d\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u5f15\u5bfc\u4f60\u901a\u5f80\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u7d20\u6750\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccc \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u4e3a\u201c\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u201d\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u63a2\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u6b63\u540d\u3002\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u6709\u8da3\u201d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u662f\u8f7b\u6d6e\u7684\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u3002<br>1. \u4f5c\u8005\u4ece\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u6709\u8da3\u201d\u4f18\u5148\u4e8e\u201c\u7edd\u5bf9\u51c6\u786e\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5171\u9e23\u6027\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5e76\u975e\u5b64\u5c9b\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u80fd\u611f\u5230\u7684\u5174\u594b\u611f\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u540c\u6837\u5174\u594b\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u53d7\u4f17\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u601d\u8003\u7684\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u6402\u8349\u6253\u5154\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u80c6\u7684\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff09\u6709\u8da3\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4f1a\u8feb\u4f7f\u4f60\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u539f\u672c\u5728\u5e73\u5eb8\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0b\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u8ba9\u89c2\u5bdf\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8def\u5f84\u4ef7\u503c\uff1a \u5174\u8da3\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u5174\u8da3\u80fd\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u6301\u7eed\u63a2\u7a76\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8ff7\u5931\u5728\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u7410\u788e\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u8fd9\u542f\u53d1\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u8981\u5bb3\u6015\u4f60\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u591f\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u5bb3\u6015\u4f60\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u591f\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u8ffd\u968f\u90a3\u79cd\u8ba9\u4f60\u201c\u5bd2\u6bdb\u76f4\u7ad6\u201d\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u3002\u90a3\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u89e6\u78b0\u5230\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u3001\u672a\u88ab\u8a00\u8bf4\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u6700\u540e\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u7247\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u8bba\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u201c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e10\u7bf7\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6280\u672f\u6743\u5a01\u201d\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7ec6\u81f4\u63cf\u7ed8\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u53d7\u4f17\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<br>3. \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u201c\u6709\u8da3\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u641e\u7b11\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762\uff0c\u5174\u8da3\u662f\u901a\u5f80\u771f\u7406\u90a3\u6761\u5e03\u6ee1\u8346\u68d8\u7684\u5c0f\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u4eae\u7684\u4e00\u76cf\u706f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1aFigure-ground reversals, a metaphor that we use repeatedly throughout this text, are an ideal medium for generating interest. The ground is the background assumption that is taken for granted. If that ground suddenly becomes figure, then what was assumed to be holistic in fact becomes individual; that which is organized (the original figure-ground configuration) becomes disorganized. The reaction is, &#8220;That&#8217;s interesting.&#8221; Try the demonstration described on page 181 to see this for yourself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u56fe\u5e95\u53cd\u8f6c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u53cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5236\u9020\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5e95\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u7406\u6240\u5f53\u7136\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u5e95\u201d\u7a81\u7136\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u56fe\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u539f\u672c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1b\u539f\u672c\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff08\u5373\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u56fe\u5e95\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u5e8f\u4e86\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6b64\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u771f\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u201d\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7b2c181\u9875\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6f14\u793a\uff0c\u4eb2\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccc \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u5229\u7528\u77e5\u89c9\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63a2\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u53cd\u8f6c\u3002<br>1. \u201c\u56fe\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5e95\u201d\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e95\uff1a\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u9ed8\u8ba4\u201c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5efa\u7acb\u79e9\u5e8f\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u50cf\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e00\u6837\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u88ab\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56fe\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u663e\u6027\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6218\u7565\u3001KPI \u6216\u89c4\u7ae0\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u53cd\u8f6c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff1a\u5c06\u201c\u80cc\u666f\u201d\u63a8\u5411\u201c\u524d\u53f0\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u63a2\u7a76\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe\u5e95\u53cd\u8f6c\u5236\u9020\u201c\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u505a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u89e3\u6784\u6574\u4f53\u6027\uff1a \u539f\u672c\u5927\u5bb6\u628a\u201c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201d\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u575a\u56fa\u7684\u6574\u4f53\uff08\u5e95\uff09\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u8005\u7a81\u7136\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u7531\u65e0\u6570\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e34\u65f6\u62fc\u51d1\u800c\u6210\u7684\u788e\u5757\uff08\u56fe\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63ed\u793a\u6709\u5e8f\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u65e0\u5e8f\uff1a \u5e38\u89c4\u89c6\u89d2\uff08\u56fe\uff09\uff1a \u4e25\u5bc6\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\u3002\u53cd\u8f6c\u89c6\u89d2\uff08\u5e95\u53d8\u56fe\uff09\uff1a\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\u80cc\u540e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u79c1\u4e0b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u548c\u6743\u529b\u7684\u65e0\u5e8f\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u65e0\u5e8f\u201d\u624d\u662f\u7ef4\u6301\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u529b\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u4fbf\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>3. \u201c\u6709\u8da3\u201d\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u8ba4\u77e5\u5931\u8c03\uff1a \u5f53\u957f\u671f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u88ab\u63a8\u5230\u9762\u524d\u63a5\u53d7\u5ba1\u89c6\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u88ab\u6253\u7834\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cd\u8f6c\u8ba9\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u201c\u89c6\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ece\u201c\u7406\u6240\u5f53\u7136\u201d\u5230\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u201d\u7684\u8de8\u8d8a\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u6709\u8da3\u201d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5168\u6587\uff1aPeople seem to find a proposition interesting not because it tells them some truth they did not already know, but because it tells them some truth they thought they already knew was wrong. That&#8217;s why organizational theory can be so interesting, but also why it risks the indictment of being obvious.Everyone is in constant contact with organizations, and as a result, everyone develops a thick, overlearned set of assumptions about organizations. The more diverse those assumptions are, the greater the likelihood that any assertion which denies one assumption will also affirm another one and thereby be branded obvious\u2014a candidate for the Golden Fleece award (Shaffer 1977).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u89c9\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u9898\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u67d0\u4e9b\u539f\u672c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u4eec\uff1a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ed6\u4eec\u539f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u771f\u7406\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u4f55\u5982\u6b64\u8ff7\u4eba\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5b83\u4e3a\u4f55\u5192\u7740\u88ab\u6307\u8d23\u4e3a\u201c\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u65f6\u523b\u4e0e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u9488\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u6df1\u539a\u4e14\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u8d8a\u662f\u591a\u6837\u5316\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5426\u5b9a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u5c31\u8d8a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u88ab\u8d34\u4e0a\u201c\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u2014\u2014\u751a\u81f3\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u91d1\u7f8a\u6bdb\u5956\u201d\uff08\u610f\u6307\u6d6a\u8d39\u7eb3\u7a0e\u4eba\u91d1\u94b1\u4e14\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff09\u7684\u5019\u9009\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccc \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u6df1\u523b\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u201c\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5e73\u5eb8\u6027\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u6323\u624e\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5b83\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u65e2\u6709\u8ba4\u77e5\u6df1\u5ea6\u65e2\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5224\u5b9a\u201c\u9648\u8bcd\u6ee5\u8c03\u201d\u7684\u6cd5\u5b98\u3002<br>1. \u201c\u91d1\u7f8a\u6bdb\u5956\u201d\u4e00\u822c\u6307\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u8bbd\u523a\u5956\uff08\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u6307\u57281975\u5e74\u81f31988\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5dde\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u666e\u7f57\u514b\u65af\u8fc8\u5c14\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5956\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5956\u9879\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u9881\u53d1\u7ed9\u90a3\u4e9b\u6d89\u5acc\u6d6a\u8d39\u7eb3\u7a0e\u4eba\u91d1\u94b1\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u6216\u673a\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u501f\u7528\u4e86\u5e0c\u814a\u795e\u8bdd\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u73cd\u8d35\u201c\u91d1\u7f8a\u6bdb\u201d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u610f\u5728\u8bbd\u523a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5171\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u4e71\u82b1\u94b1\u7684\u8352\u8c2c\u9879\u76ee\uff08\u5982\u8352\u5510\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u652f\uff09\u3002<br>2. \u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bba\u8ff0\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u53d7\u4f17\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8d8a\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u95e8\u69db\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u201c\u6709\u8da3\u201d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u201c\u53cd\u8f6c\u201d\u800c\u975e\u201c\u544a\u77e5\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5355\u7eaf\u589e\u52a0\uff08\u4ece 0 \u5230 1\uff09\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u5e26\u6765\u67af\u71e5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u611f\uff1b\u800c\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u63a8\u7ffb\uff08\u4ece 1 \u5230 -1\uff09\u624d\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u667a\u8bc6\u4e0a\u7684\u5feb\u611f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5f20\u767d\u7eb8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u7fa4\u81ea\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u53d7\u4f17\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u751f\u6d3b\uff09\u3002<br>3. \u5047\u8bbe\u53d7\u4f17\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u6709 A\u3001B \u4e24\u79cd\u622a\u7136\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5e38\u8bc6\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u98a0\u8986 A \u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u53d7\u4f17 B \u4f1a\u8038\u8038\u80a9\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u60f3\u7684\u3002\u201d\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u96be\u505a\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5f88\u96be\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u540c\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u9519\u201d\u7684\u76f2\u533a\u3002<br>4. \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u63d0\u51fa\u89c2\u70b9\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u53d7\u4f17\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6709\u6781\u5176\u987d\u56fa\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u201c\u5347\u804c\u52a0\u85aa\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u52a8\u529b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u201d\u201c\u6c9f\u901a\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u8bef\u89e3\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002\u201d\u201c\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u201d \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u6df1\u539a\u4e14\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u201d\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u5e9f\u8bdd\u201d\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u53d7\u4f17\uff1a\u5e76\u5bfb\u627e\u7b2c\u4e09\u8def\u5f84\uff1a \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u53ea\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u8df3\u5230\u53d7\u4f17\u719f\u6089\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u4ece\u201c\u96c6\u6743\u597d\u201d\u53d8\u4e3a\u201c\u5206\u6743\u597d\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u5e73\u5eb8\u7684\u3002<br>5. \u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u5e94\u8be5\u63ed\u793a\u53d7\u4f17\u5047\u8bbe\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u201c\u52a0\u73ed\u662f\u574f\u7684\u201d\u3002\u4f60\u8981\u8bf4\u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u52a0\u73ed\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ea7\u51fa\uff08\u5047\u8bbe1\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u6b63\u5728\u7834\u574f\u4f60\u4eec\u957f\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff08\u5047\u8bbe2\uff09\u201d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba9\u53d7\u4f17\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5047\u8bbe\u81ea\u76f8\u6b8b\u6740\uff0c\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u4f60\u547d\u9898\u7684\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u3002<br>\u5f53\u4f60\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e3a\u201c\u4f60\u8bf4\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5e9f\u8bdd\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6c14\u9981\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u89e6\u78b0\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4f60\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u662f\u9000\u7f29\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u53d7\u4f17\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5176\u5b9e\u6bd4\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u8981\u6df1\u9083\u548c\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff08\u4e0b\u4e00\u671f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a5\u4e0a\u671f\uff1a\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 057 \u539f\u6587\uff1aLeaving aside now the 12 categ &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/?page_id=1593\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201c\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 058\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1593"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1593"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1593\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1594,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1593\/revisions\/1594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}