{"id":1535,"date":"2026-06-12T16:52:11","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T08:52:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/?page_id=1535"},"modified":"2026-06-12T16:52:11","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T08:52:11","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e7%bb%84%e7%bb%87%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e5%bf%83%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e3%80%8b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0-046","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/?page_id=1535","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 046"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u63a5\u4e0a\u671f\uff1a<\/em>\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 045<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u6587\uff1aOrtony’s third point is that metaphors are closer to perceived experience and therefore are more vivid emotionally, sensorially, and cognitively. Not only does the “sleeping foot” in the previous paragraph convey the inexpressible, it evokes a vivid multisense image.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5965\u6258\u5c3c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u9690\u55bb\u66f4\u8d34\u8fd1\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u611f\u5b98\u53ca\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0a\u90fd\u66f4\u52a0\u751f\u52a8\u3002\u524d\u4e00\u6bb5\u843d\u4e2d\u201c\u7761\u7740\u7684\u811a\u201d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f20\u8fbe\u4e86\u90a3\u79cd\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u8bf4\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u66f4\u5524\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u611f\u5b98\u5e76\u5b58\u7684\u610f\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udca1\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/strong>
\u8fd9\u662f\u5965\u6258\u5c3c\u5173\u4e8e\u9690\u55bb\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u201c\u6548\u7387\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8fb9\u754c\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5219\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u201c\u8d28\u91cf\u201d\u548c\u201c\u51b2\u51fb\u529b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5177\u8eab\u8ba4\u77e5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u672f\u8bed\uff08\u5982\u201c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u71b5\u589e\u201d\uff09\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u8131\u79bb\u611f\u5b98\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u9690\u55bb\uff08\u5982\u201c\u623f\u95f4\u91cc\u7684\u7070\u5c18\u4e0d\u65ad\u5806\u79ef\u201d\uff09\u5219\u5c06\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u62c9\u56de\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u3002\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u5f80\u5f80\u5177\u6709\u201c\u8054\u89c9\u201d\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u82cf\u6253\u6c34\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e86\u5473\u89c9\u548c\u89e6\u89c9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u611f\u5b98\u7684\u5171\u632f\u4f7f\u5f97\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u51b7\u51b0\u51b0\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u800c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u60c5\u611f\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5f3a\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u9690\u55bb\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u6fc0\u53d1\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u79f0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e3a\u201c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u201d\u4f1a\u6fc0\u53d1\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cbe\u5bc6\u3001\u8106\u5f31\u53ca\u5b64\u72ec\u611f\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u52a8\u4e14\u5177\u8c61\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6bd4\u62bd\u8c61\u4fe1\u606f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8fdb\u5165\u957f\u65f6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u8ba9\u542c\u4f17\u5728\u6570\u5e74\u540e\u4f9d\u7136\u8bb0\u5f97\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u4ece\u201c\u89e3\u91ca\u201d\u5230\u201c\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b57\u9762\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u5728\u201c\u89e3\u91ca\u201d\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u9690\u55bb\u662f\u5728\u201c\u6a21\u62df\u201d\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u590d\u6742\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u8111\u6d77\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8b\u7269\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u524d\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u5965\u6258\u5c3c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9690\u55bb\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u201d\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u70b9\u5171\u540c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48Weick\u5982\u6b64\u949f\u60c5\u4e8e\u9690\u55bb\u3002\u9690\u55bb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fee\u8f9e\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5316\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3001\u547d\u540d\u672c\u8d28\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6d41\u4e2d\u6293\u53d6\u5230\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u6587\uff1aOne of the most original suggestions about metaphors is Mary Catherine Bateson’s (1972, p. 285) suggestion that “each person is his own central metaphor.” One meaning of this is to say of any puzzling object such as a tree or an organization, “That’s a me.” I am the metaphor by which I can initially comprehend the organizational things around me. I look out and what I see are things that are like myself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u5168\u6587\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u6709\u539f\u521b\u6027\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u4e4b\u4e00\u6765\u81ea\u739b\u4e3d\u00b7\u51ef\u745f\u7433\u00b7\u8d1d\u7279\u68ee\u3002\u5979\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u2018\u6211\u2019\u3002\u201d\u6211\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u501f\u6b64\u6211\u5f97\u4ee5\u521d\u6b65\u7406\u89e3\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u5411\u5916\u89c2\u5bdf\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e0e\u6211\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udca1\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/strong>
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0cWeick\u5e94\u7528\u8d1d\u7279\u68ee\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u9690\u55bb\u4ece\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4fee\u8f9e\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u57fa\u77f3\u201d\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u5b83\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u903b\u8f91\uff1a\u81ea\u6211\u53c2\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u201c\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u5bf9\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u8ff7\u5931\u3002\u8d1d\u7279\u68ee\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u719f\u6089\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u8eab\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u62df\u4eba\u5316\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7279\u8d28\u2014\u2014\u5982\u751f\u957f\u3001\u547c\u5438\u3001\u4ee3\u8c22\u3001\u75b2\u52b3\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u2014\u2014\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201c\u75c5\u4e86\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u75c5\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u201c\u6269\u5f20\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u9a8c\u8fc7\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6210\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u754c\u9650\u7684\u6a21\u7cca<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5185\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6295\u5c04\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5fc3\u8ffd\u6c42\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u201c\u574f\u6389\u7684\u673a\u5668\u201d\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u89c6\u60c5\u611f\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5219\u662f\u201c\u5931\u8c03\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u201d\u3002\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4ecb\u5165\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u9690\u55bb\u201d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u611f\u5b98\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u5165\u590d\u6742\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u201c\u5165\u573a\u5238\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0eWeick\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u8bba\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5951\u5408\u3002\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u9690\u55bb\u4e0d\u65ad\u201c\u5efa\u6784\u201d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7ba1\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u9690\u55bb\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u9762\u955c\u5b50\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201c\u50f5\u5316\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8d2a\u5a6a\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5bcc\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u55bb\u62ab\u9732\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u548c\u751f\u547d\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u53cd\u601d\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9690\u55bb\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u6587\uff1aTo see the tree as a god or as a woman, as a dryad, is a more accurate way of looking at a tree than our usual casual attitude that treats it as a separate and static object. Like a woman, a tree grows, interacts with its environment, and dies. To anthropomorphize the tree gives us access to a certain truth about it, and the same is true when we anthropomorphize the orderly and unfolding process of the universe (M. C. Bateson 1972, p. 290).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5c06\u6811\u89c6\u4e3a\u795e\u7075\u3001\u5973\u4eba\u6216\u6811\u7cbe\uff0c\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u90a3\u79cd\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b64\u7acb\u3001\u9759\u6b62\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u6f2b\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5fc3\u6001\u5ea6\u8981\u66f4\u4e3a\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u50cf\u5973\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6811\u4e5f\u4f1a\u751f\u957f\u3001\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e92\u52a8\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u5bf9\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u683c\u5316\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u89e6\u53ca\u5173\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u771f\u76f8\uff1b\u800c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5b87\u5b99\u90a3\u79cd\u6709\u5e8f\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u4ea6\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udca1\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/strong>
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5f15\u7528\u8d1d\u7279\u68ee\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u9690\u55bb\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6216\u5b87\u5b99\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5bf9\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027\u9677\u9631\u201d\u7684\u6279\u5224<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u6811\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff09\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u5206\u79bb\u4e14\u9759\u6b62\u201d\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c6\u89d2\u867d\u7136\u770b\u4f3c\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u62b9\u6740\u4e86\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u4e0e\u5173\u8054\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7ec4\u7ec7\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6b62\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u5728\u547c\u5438\u3001\u6f14\u5316\u548c\u611f\u53d7\u73af\u5883\u538b\u529b\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u4eba\u683c\u5316\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u771f\u7406\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6811\u6bd4\u4f5c\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u751f\u957f\u3001\u4e92\u52a8\u3001\u6b7b\u4ea1\u201d\u7b49\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9690\u55bb\u8feb\u4f7f\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u627f\u8ba4\u5bf9\u65b9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u5ba2\u4f53\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u6050\u60e7\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5b83\u5728\u6e34\u671b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c6\u89d2\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u6bd4\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u5b87\u5b99\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6620\u5c04<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u9690\u55bb\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u5411\u4e86\u6781\u81f4\u2014\u2014\u5b87\u5b99\u3002\u5b87\u5b99\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b0\u51b7\u7684\u7269\u7406\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7740\u81ea\u8eab\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u8282\u5f8b\u548c\u6f14\u5316\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u201c\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u201d\u601d\u7ef4\u6781\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u54c1\u724c\u4eba\u683c\u5316\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u54c1\u724c\u89c6\u4e3a\u6709\u6027\u683c\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u5982\u82f9\u679c\u7684\u201c\u521b\u65b0\u8005\u201d\u3001\u53ef\u53e3\u53ef\u4e50\u7684\u201c\u5feb\u4e50\u4f19\u4f34\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u60c5\u611f\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8bca\u65ad\uff1a\u5f53\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u8bf4\u201c\u516c\u53f8\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u53db\u9006\u671f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u5df2\u7ecf\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u8001\u5e74\u7684\u75f4\u5446\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u7528 KPI \u65e0\u6cd5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5e76\u975e\u5e7c\u7a1a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u9636\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u601d\u8003\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u627f\u8ba4\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6709\u673a\u6027\u3001\u610f\u5411\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u6587\uff1aWith this as background we can look more closely at metaphors associated with business. To introduce this topic and to illustrate the idea of metaphor as mistake, a childhood experience described by Walker Percy is relevant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5730\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f15\u5165\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u201c\u9690\u55bb\u5373\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u6c83\u514b\u00b7\u6ce2\u897f\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u7ae5\u5e74\u7ecf\u5386\u5341\u5206\u5951\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u6587\uff1aI remember hunting as a boy in south Alabama with my father and brother and a Negro guide. At the edge of some woods we saw a wonderful bird. He flew as swift and straight as an arrow, then all of a sudden folded his wings and dropped like a stone into the woods. I asked what the bird was. The guide said it was a blue-dollar hawk. Later my father told me that the Negro had got it wrong: it was really a blue darter hawk. I can still remember my disappointment at the correction. What was so impressive about the bird was its dazzling speed and the effect of alternation of its wings, as if it were flying by a kind of oaring motion (1975, p. 64).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6211\u8bb0\u5f97\u5c0f\u65f6\u5019\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u5df4\u9a6c\u5dde\u5357\u90e8\u548c\u7236\u4eb2\u3001\u54e5\u54e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4f4d\u9ed1\u4eba\u5411\u5bfc\u4e00\u8d77\u6253\u730e\u3002\u5728\u6797\u7f18\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u5947\u5999\u7684\u9e1f\u3002\u5b83\u98de\u5f97\u50cf\u7bad\u4e00\u6837\u53c8\u5feb\u53c8\u76f4\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u7a81\u7136\u6536\u62e2\u53cc\u7ffc\uff0c\u50cf\u77f3\u5934\u4e00\u6837\u5760\u5165\u6797\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u95ee\u90a3\u662f\u4ec0\u9e1f\u3002\u5411\u5bfc\u8bf4\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u201c\u84dd\u5e01\u9e70\u201d\u3002\u540e\u6765\u7236\u4eb2\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c\u90a3\u4f4d\u5411\u5bfc\u641e\u9519\u4e86\uff1a\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u53eb\u201c\u84dd\u7bad\u9e70\u201d\u3002\u6211\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u8bb0\u5f97\u542c\u5230\u7ea0\u6b63\u65f6\u7684\u90a3\u4efd\u5931\u671b\u3002\u90a3\u53ea\u9e1f\u6700\u4ee4\u6211\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5b83\u90a3\u4ee4\u4eba\u7729\u76ee\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cc\u7ffc\u4ea4\u66ff\u6247\u52a8\u65f6\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u5b83\u662f\u9760\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u5212\u6868\u201d\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u98de\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udca1\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/strong>
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5f15\u6587\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6ce2\u897f\u5bf9\u7ae5\u5e74\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4ed6\u5bf9\u201c\u9690\u55bb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u771f\u7406\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u547d\u9898\u7684\u751f\u52a8\u6ce8\u811a\u3002\u5b83\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5f53\u201c\u903b\u8f91\u201d\u906d\u9047\u201c\u611f\u53d7\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u201c\u84dd\u5e01\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u84dd\u7bad\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u84dd\u7bad\u9e70\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u9e1f\u7684\u98de\u884c\u8f68\u8ff9\u3002\u5b83\u7b26\u5408\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5411\u5bfc\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u84dd\u5e01\u9e70\u201d\u5728\u5206\u7c7b\u5b66\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0a\u5374\u662f\u201c\u6781\u5176\u6210\u529f\u201d\u7684\u3002\u6ce2\u897f\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u7ea0\u6b63\u867d\u7136\u8865\u5168\u4e86\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5374\u627c\u6740\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u6781\u5177\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ce2\u897f\u4e0d\u60f3\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u4e00\u53ea\u9e1f\uff0c\u4ed6\u66f4\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5360\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u77ac\u95f4\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8d28\u611f\u3002\u5728\u5b69\u5b50\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u53ea\u9e1f\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4fef\u51b2\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa \u4e00\u79cd\u5982\u786c\u5e01\u822c\u95ea\u70c1\u3001\u73cd\u8d35\u3001\u4e14\u5e26\u6709\u91cd\u529b\u611f\u5760\u843d\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u5f53\u201c\u84dd\u5e01\u201d\u53d8\u56de\u201c\u84dd\u7bad\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u9e1f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u795e\u79d8\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u3001\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4f53\uff0c\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7684\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u51c6\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e4f\u5473\u65e0\u804a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u8bcd\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u201c\u5212\u6868\u201d\u8fd0\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce2\u897f\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u9e1f\u7684\u98de\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201c\u5212\u6868\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u9690\u55bb\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5965\u6258\u5c3c\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u65e0\u6cd5\u540d\u72b6\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u8c13\u8ff0\u201d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7a7a\u6c14\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e3a\u6c34\uff0c\u5c06\u7fbd\u7ffc\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e3a\u6868\uff0c\u6ce2\u897f\u4f20\u8fbe\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u5176\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u611f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bd4\u8bf4\u201c\u9e1f\u5728\u7528\u529b\u6247\u52a8\u7fc5\u8180\u201d\u66f4\u8d34\u8fd1\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u201c\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u63a5\u4e0a\u671f\uff1a\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 045 \u539f\u6587\uff1aOrtony’s third point is … <\/p>\n

\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb\u201c\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 046\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1535"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1535"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1535\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1539,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1535\/revisions\/1539"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}