{"id":1472,"date":"2026-06-12T15:25:59","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T07:25:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/?page_id=1472"},"modified":"2026-06-12T15:25:59","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T07:25:59","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e7%bb%84%e7%bb%87%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e5%bf%83%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e3%80%8b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0-038","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/?page_id=1472","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 038"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u63a5\u4e0a\u671f\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI5MjIxMzQxMA==&amp;mid=2247493206&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=7e320e7eb1a2034b386fb458fe715da7&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 037<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1aIn discussing tradeoffs I have argued that there is virtue in such things as speculation, armchair theorizing, aphorisms, overdetermined explanations, enlarged questions, complicated explanations, and journalism. Each of those recommendations was made without apology on the assumption that it&#8217;s impossible for any explanation to be simultaneously general, accurate, and simple. To know what we are doing is to be realistic rather than arrogant about what can be accomplished at any one time in an inquiry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u5404\u79cd\u6743\u8861\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u627f\u8ba4\u5982\u4e0b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff1a\u601d\u8fa8\u6027\u63a8\u6d4b\u3001\u4e66\u658b\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u601d\u8003\u3001\u7bb4\u8a00\u3001\u8fc7\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u3001\u88ab\u6269\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u590d\u6742\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u95fb\u5f0f\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u5f20\u65f6\u5e76\u672a\u611f\u5230\u9700\u8981\u9053\u6b49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u5907\u666e\u9002\u6027\u3001\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u4e0e\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u6240\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4fdd\u6301\u73b0\u5b9e\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50b2\u6162\u5730\u9ad8\u4f30\u81ea\u8eab\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udca1\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u662fWeick\u5173\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u5728\u524d\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cWeick\u5df2\u7ecf\u6301\u7eed\u4e3a\u601d\u8fa8\u6027\u63a8\u6d4b\u3001\u5341\u70b9\u949f\u5f0f\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\u957f\u671f\u88ab\u4f4e\u4f30\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u5219\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u201c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u6743\u8861\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u91cd\u5ba1\u201ctradeoff\u201d\u5177\u6709\u6839\u672c\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7406\u8bba\u80fd\u529b\u672c\u8eab\u5b58\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u9650\u5236\u3002Weick\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u505a\u5230\u201c\u666e\u9002\u6027\u3001\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u3001\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u201d\u4e09\u8005\u517c\u5907\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7531\u6b64\uff0cWeick\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5730\u4f4d\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u4e66\u658b\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u601d\u8003\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7bb4\u8a00\u201d\u3001\u201c\u65b0\u95fb\u5f0f\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e25\u683c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u6355\u6349\u590d\u6742\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u77db\u76fe\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u6027\u3001\u60c5\u5883\u6027\u4e0e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4eba\u9645\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u521d\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u5bc6\u6d4b\u91cf\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5bf9\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u654f\u9510\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0e\u5927\u80c6\u6982\u62ec\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u6700\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u662f\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86Weick\u5bf9\u5b66\u672f\u53ca\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u8d85\u7136\u3001\u81ea\u89c9\u4e0e\u5766\u8bda\uff0cWeick\u63d0\u9192\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u50b2\u6162\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u6574\u89e3\u91ca\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u719f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5ba3\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u638c\u63e1\u6700\u7ec8\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6e05\u695a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u9650\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u5728\u964d\u4f4e\u7406\u8bba\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u5728\u627f\u8ba4\u590d\u6742\u73b0\u5b9e\u672c\u8eab\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1aThis line of analysis has several implications. A sound research program would consist of a portfolio that contained explanations and investigations at all twelve positions on the clockface. If I&#8217;m right that much organizational * theory converges on the ten o&#8217;clock position, then we have eleven other locations that need attention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u5168\u6587\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u8def\u5f84\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u82e5\u5e72\u542f\u793a\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5065\u5168\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u2019\u7406\u8bba\u7ec4\u5408\u2019\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u949f\u9762\u5341\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5173\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u5927\u591a\u6536\u655b\u4e8e\u2018\u5341\u70b9\u949f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u2019\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u5341\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u503c\u5f97\u6295\u5165\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udca1\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\uff0cWeick\u7ee7\u7eed\u8c08\u201c\u6743\u8861\u201d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5065\u5168\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u53ea\u4f9d\u8d56\u67d0\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u5982\u5341\u70b9\u949f\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u7ec4\u5408\u5f0f\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u6784\uff08portfolio\uff09\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201cportfolio\u201d\u501f\u7528\u4e86\u6295\u8d44\u7ec4\u5408\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6210\u719f\u5b66\u79d1\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u6301\u7406\u8bba\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba9\u5355\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u5f0f\u5f62\u6210\u5784\u65ad\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weick\u8fd9\u6b21\u5c06\u4e8c\u70b9\u949f\u3001\u516d\u70b9\u949f\u548c\u5341\u70b9\u949f\u65b9\u5411\u76f4\u63a5\u6269\u5c55\u6210\u201c\u949f\u9762\u201d\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u201c\u56fe\u8c31\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u53d6\u5411\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u66f4\u62bd\u8c61\u3001\u66f4\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u4f46\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5316\uff0c\u5374\u7f3a\u5c11\u5e7f\u6cdb\u9002\u7528\u6027\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u867d\u7136\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5374\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u73b0\u5b9e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u201c\u5341\u70b9\u949f\u65b9\u5411\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u504f\u5411\u9ad8\u666e\u904d\u6027\u4e0e\u9ad8\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u597d\u61c2\u3001\u542c\u4e0a\u53bb\u7b80\u5355\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u4f20\u64ad\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7406\u8bba\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0d\u6e05<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5728\u4e8eWeick\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u751f\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u7684\u949f\u8868\u8138\u8c31\u3002Weick\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6210\u719f\u5b66\u79d1\u4e0d\u5e94\u53ea\u5956\u52b1\u4e00\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u5c42\u6b21\u5171\u5b58\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u62bd\u8c61\u7406\u8bba\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6574\u4f53\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u80fd\u591f\u63ed\u793a\u60c5\u5883\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u65b0\u95fb\u5f0f\u89c2\u5bdf\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u6355\u6349\u73b0\u5b9e\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u590d\u6742\u89e3\u91ca\u5219\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u771f\u5b9e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u201c\u4e0d\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b66\u79d1\u662f\u5426\u8fc7\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u5c11\u6570\u88ab\u4e3b\u6d41\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u89c2\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5355\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u591a\u5143\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u4e0e\u4e92\u8865\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1aThe argument implies that each individual should locate a position on the clockface, banish any unnecessary guilt that is tied to ideals that can&#8217;t possibly be realized from that position, and somehow keep in touch with work at all of the other eleven positions, especially the one directly opposite the located position. If, for example, my style of scholarship falls at ten o&#8217;clock, then I should try especially hard to locate people at the four o&#8217;clock position, and I should be certain that I understand their work and maintain some contact with that work. Better still might be the solution in which I alternate my research style and systematically try to move among the various positions over the duration of a year or a career.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bba\u70b9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u5728\u2019\u949f\u9762\u2019\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6446\u8131\u90a3\u4e9b\u7531\u4e8e\u8ffd\u6c42\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u8d1f\u7f6a\u611f\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0e\u53e6\u5916\u5341\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4fdd\u6301\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6b63\u5bf9\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u98ce\u683c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5341\u70b9\u949f\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u5c31\u5e94\u5f53\u7279\u522b\u52aa\u529b\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u56db\u70b9\u949f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4fdd\u6301\u67d0\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u66f4\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u4ea4\u66ff\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u3001\u4e43\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u95f4\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udca1\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0cWeick\u663e\u7684\u5f88\u4eb2\u5207\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u201c\u949f\u9762\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u843d\u5b9e\u5230\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u524d\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u8be6\u8ff0\u4e24\u70b9\u3001\u516d\u70b9\u53ca\u5341\u70b9\u949f\u65b9\u5411\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u9610\u91ca\u4e86\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u201c\u949f\u9762\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u800c\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u666e\u9002\u6027\u3001\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u4e0e\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0cWeick\u6e29\u67d4\u7684\u544a\u8beb\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff1a\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u719f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5e94\u5f53\u6e05\u695a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u5df1\u4f4d\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u201c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u9192\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e0d\u8981\u8ffd\u6c42\u5168\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u98ce\u683c\u4e0e\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u89c9\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u8d1f\u7f6a\u611f\u201d\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u5929\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u7684\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u957f\u671f\u7126\u8651\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bd5\u56fe\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u5f7c\u6b64\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u7406\u8bba\u65e2\u9ad8\u5ea6\u666e\u904d\u3001\u53c8\u6781\u5176\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u8db3\u591f\u7b80\u6d01\u3002\u4f46\u5728Weick\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b8c\u7f8e\u72b6\u6001\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u63a5\u8fd1\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u5f53\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u6df1\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u8c26\u900a\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u73b0\u5b9e\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5c40\u90e8\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f46Weick\u5e76\u4e0d\u56e0\u6b64\u4e3b\u5f20\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u505c\u7559\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8212\u9002\u533a\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u63a5\u89e6\u201c\u5bf9\u9762\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u591f\u66b4\u9732\u81ea\u8eab\u7406\u8bba\u76f2\u533a\u3002\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0cWeick\u751a\u81f3\u5efa\u8bae\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u4e3b\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u7814\u7a76\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u5728\u949f\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u4e4b\u95f4\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u5e94\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u50cf\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u9002\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6574\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u653e\u800c\u53cd\u6559\u6761\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u89c2\uff1a\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u719f\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5f3a\u5316\u5355\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3001\u5f20\u529b\u4e0e\u4e92\u8865\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u6301\u7eed\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u539f\u6587\uff1aI think much organizational research is uninformative and pedestrian partly because people have tried to make it &nbsp; general and accurate and simple. In trying to accommodate all three of these aims, none have been realized vigorously; the result has been bland assertions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4fe1\u606f\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u6d41\u4e8e\u5e73\u5eb8\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u540c\u65f6\u8ba9\u5b83\u65e2\u5177\u6709\u666e\u9002\u6027\u3001\u53c8\u5177\u6709\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u4fdd\u6301\u7b80\u6d01\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8bd5\u56fe\u517c\u987e\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5374\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u529b\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1b\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e73\u6de1\u65e0\u529b\u7684\u8bba\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udca1\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0cWeick\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u201d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7f3a\u4e4f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u591f\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u800c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8fc7\u4e8e\u8ffd\u6c42\u5b8c\u7f8e\u3002\u4f46Weick\u53cd\u590d\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5f20\u529b\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u628a\u4e09\u8005\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8bd5\u56fe\u201c\u5168\u90e8\u517c\u987e\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u505a\u5230\u6781\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weick\u771f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u751f\u4ea7\u201d\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u672f\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u524a\u5f31\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5192\u9669\u6027\u4e0e\u950b\u5229\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u8bba\u5fc5\u987b\u8db3\u591f\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u8de8\u60c5\u5883\u9002\u7528\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5fc5\u987b\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6a21\u578b\u6e05\u6670\uff1b\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b9e\u8bc1\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u6b63\u786e\u4f46\u65e0\u529b\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u660e\u663e\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u771f\u6b63\u6df1\u5316\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002Weick\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5e73\u6de1\u65e0\u529b\u7684\u8bba\u65ad\u201d\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u6279\u8bc4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\u77e5\u8bc6\u751f\u4ea7\u201d\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e5f\u4f53\u73b0\u51faWeick\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u91cd\u89c6\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e00\u3001\u4e24\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u201c\u8db3\u591f\u5f3a\u70c8\u201d\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u201c\u9002\u4e2d\u201d\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u7406\u8bba\u5931\u53bb\u4e2a\u6027\u4e0e\u6d1e\u89c1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cWeick\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u63d0\u9192\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff1a\u7406\u8bba\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u66f4\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u5904\u5904\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u80fd\u591f\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u5165\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5374\u672a\u5fc5\u771f\u6b63\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a5\u4e0a\u671f\uff1a\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 037 \u539f\u6587\uff1aIn discussing tradeoffs I have &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/?page_id=1472\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201c\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 038\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1472"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1472"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1472\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1473,"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1472\/revisions\/1473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mooda.com.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}